Efficient Numerical Algorithms for Pricing Complex Financial Derivatives in Fractional Black-Scholes Models

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Accounting, BaA.C., Islamic Azad University, Bandar Anzali, Iran.

2 Department of Applied Mathematics, BaA.C., Islamic Azad University, Bandar Anzali, Iran.

Abstract

In this study, we examine the generalized distributed-order fractional Black-Scholes equation through two distinct numerical approaches. The temporal derivative is approximated using a scheme analogous to the classical L1 method, ensuring accuracy in capturing fractional dynamics. For the spatial discretization, we employ two finite difference techniques alongside a collocation method
based on Romanovski-Jacobi polynomials, which provides enhanced flexibility in handling complex boundary behaviors. The numerical experiments confirm the high accuracy and robustness of the proposed methods in solving financial models governed by fractional dynamics. Each approach exhibits distinct strengths:
the collocation method achieves superior accuracy, while the finite difference schemes offer greater computational efficiency. Moreover, the use of an implicit formulation guarantees numerical stability even with larger time steps, making the method particularly suitable for long-term financial simulations.

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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 10 May 2026
  • Receive Date: 28 September 2025
  • Revise Date: 02 March 2026
  • Accept Date: 09 May 2026